Articles

Testator fraud occurs when a deceased person made a fictitious sale or other sham transfer to cut certain heirs out of the inheritance. Legal heirs can bring a land registry cancellation action with no time limit.

Judicial control is a set of supervision measures applied as an alternative to pre-trial detention. Learn which measures can be imposed, how violations are handled, and how to challenge or lift a judicial control order.

Under Turkish law, a testator may disinherit a forced heir only in strictly defined circumstances. Learn the legal grounds, formal requirements, and how a disinherited heir can challenge the decision.

Copyright protection in Turkey arises automatically upon creation — no registration is required. Learn which works are protected, the difference between moral and economic rights, what constitutes infringement, and the remedies available to rights holders.

A trademark can be transferred to a new owner through assignment, or its use can be authorised through a licence while ownership is retained. Learn the legal requirements for each, the difference between exclusive and non-exclusive licences, and why registration matters.

The estate (tereke) is the starting point of every inheritance in Turkey. Learn what it includes, how to identify all assets, when court proceedings are necessary, and how hidden transfers can be challenged.

Precautionary seizure allows a creditor to freeze a debtor's assets before or during proceedings to prevent dissipation. Learn the conditions, the security requirement, enforcement timing, and how to challenge the order.

Turkish criminal law has two separate limitation periods — one for prosecuting an offence, and one for enforcing a sentence already handed down. Learn the applicable periods, how they are interrupted or suspended, and what their expiry actually means.

After a trademark application is published in Turkey's official bulletin, third parties have three months to oppose registration. Learn the grounds for opposition, how the process unfolds at TÜRKPATENT and before the Re-examination and Evaluation Board, and when to go to court.

Ordinary enforcement allows creditors to begin collection proceedings without a court judgment. Learn the three types, the debtor's objection rights, and how the process differs for negotiable instruments.